3rd article for research paper

1. Brain damage can affect muscle movement, speech or even hearing

2.  probably more than half a million cases of cerebral palsy in the United States

3. Each year there are six new cases for every 100,000 people. Of these six, roughly two suffer from mental retardation and four have normal intelligence. Of these four, one is mildly affected, two are moderately affected, and one is severely affected.
4. The less affected people should carry on with everyday life.

5. The forms of cerebral palsy are classified according to the associated disability. About 70% of all patients exhibit at least a partial spastic weakness of one or more extremities. In this condition, known as spastic cerebral palsy, the muscles are under a continuous state of tension, with increased reflex activity

6. About 20% of patients have athetoid cerebral palsy, with disorganized spontaneous muscular movements. In these persons the extremities move involuntarily in many different directions.

7. Ataxic cerebral palsy, which occurs in about 10% of patients, is manifested as a disturbance in balance while walking or standing. These patients may fall often and frequently cannot move about without assistance. Many patients suffer from a combination of cerebral palsy syndromes, in most cases the spastic and athetoid conditions

8. Each type of cerebral palsy is caused by damage to a different area of the brain. Damage to the motor regions of the cerebral cortex results in the spastic type, while damage to the basal ganglia (special masses of gray matter at the base of the brain) produces the athetoid type. The ataxic type is caused by damage to the cerebellum. Associated difficulties in speech, hearing, or vision are usually due to damage of the brain centers governing these functions. Similarly, mental retardation results when areas of the cerebral cortex concerned with intelligence and other higher functions are affected
9. Causes of brain damage may vary from child birth, to diseases, to head injuries
10. The treatments can be physical therapy, speech therapy, drugs surgeries to reach the goal of at least improveing progression in the persons life.

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